The slotter or slotting machine is also a reciprocating type of machine tool similar to a shaper. In the electrical beam machining, electrical energy is used to generate the electrons with high energy. c) electrolyte. The schematic arrangement of Electron Beam Machining (EBM) is shown in Fig. Protect the cathode from chemical contamination and heat losses. Focusing lenses are used to focus the electron beam on the desired spot of the workpiece. The appearance of EBM equipment is very similar to electron beam welding equipment. This process is carried out in repeated pulses of short duration. This phenomenon has been well understood since the development of electron microscopy when attempts to use the electron beam as a machining tool were made. Electron Beam Machining can machine metallic as well as nonmetallic workpiece. Electron beam machining is process in which high velocity electrons are concentrated in a narrow beam and then directed towards the workpiece for machining. Thank you For Visiting. Harder materials can also be machined at a faster rate than conventional machining. In the Electron Beam Machining process, a high velocity focused beam of electrons are used to remove the metal from the workpiece. Electron beam machin mcq, mcqs on electron beam machining, multiple choice questions on electron beam machining, electron beam machining multiple choice question, electron beam machining objective questions, quiz on electron beam machining, mcq on electron beam machining, electron beam machining questions and answers, electron beam machining objectives questions,test series on chain … When the high-velocity beam of electrons strikes the workpiece, its kinetic energy is converted into heat. It has to be removed afterward by abrasive cleaning. These operations include drilling, perforating, slotting, and scribing, etc. The electromagnetic deflector coil is used to deflect the electron beam to a different spots on the workpiece. Almost all materials can be machined using this process, ranging from metals such as steel, stainless steel, titanium and nickel super alloys, and aluminium to non- metals like plastics, ceramics, and leathers. Principle. Definition of Laser Beam Machining. In Electron beam machining, as the electrons strikes t he work piece (a)Their kinetic energy is converted into heat (b) They get scattered . Electron beam machining ebm advantages and disadvantages. This leakage of... Slotter Machine - Types, Parts, Operations, Diagram, Specification. To avoid collision of accelerated electrons with air molecules. 160,000 km/sec.) The electrons passing through the anode are accelerated to achieve high velocity as half the velocity of light (i.e., 1.6 x 10 ^8 m /s) by applying 50 to 200 kV at the anode. Again thanks a lot ! Additionally, he has interested in Product Design, Animation, and Project design. positively charged ions. 1. In Electron beam machining, workpiece is held in-vacuum chamber -dielectric medium -electrolyte -none of these In Electron beam machining, as the electrons strikes the work piece-Their kinetic energy is converted into heat -They get scattered -Mechanical erosion in work piece takes place -Electro-chemical etching takes place The process utilizing mainly thermal energy for removing material is-Ultrasonic … EBW is often performed under vacuum conditions to prevent dissipation of the … Protect the cathode from chemical contamination and heat losses. Anode – which is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply. Since the full vacuum system is more costly, the recent development has made it possible to machine outside the vacuum chamber. The first EBM equipment was built in the 1950s. If What you looking for is not here, you may send a request to modify articles, Notes, and Content modification, Feedback, Suggestions here (Team will reply as early as Possible ): Contact Form or Using Whatsapp, © 2021 Copyright Learn Mechanical Engineering, Electron Beam Machining (EBM) – Introduction, When the high-velocity beam of electrons strikes the workpiece, its kinetic energy is converted into heat. The physical and metallurgical damage to the workpiece is very less. Electrostatic focusing. link to Hydraulic seals - Definition, Types, Diagram , Function, Failure, Application, link to Slotter Machine - Types, Parts, Operations, Diagram, Specification. temperature of workpiece material and vaporizes a small amount of it, resulting in the removal of material from the workpiece. Brittle and fragile materials can be machined. Tungsten Filament — which is connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply and acts as the cathode. When the electron beam impacts on the workpiece surface, the kinetic energy of high-velocity electrons is immediately converted into the heat energy. Hydraulic seals - Definition, Types, Diagram , Function, Failure, Application. Drilling of holes in pressure differential devices used in nuclear reactors, aircraft engines, etc. This will generate high heat energy and melts and vaporize metal from work piece. When high-speed electrons in a densely focused beam impact with the workpiece surface, most of the kinetic energy of the electrons is converted into heat energy. Thank you For Visiting. At the spot where the electron beam strikes the material, a small amount of recasting and metal splash can occur on the surface. 8. The following two methods are used in the EBM process. As electron beam machining is grouped under the thermal category it is natural to have thermal damages as part of the result. A micromachining technique known as “Electron beam lithography” is being used in the manufacture of field emission cathodes, integrated circuits, and computer memories. Read more about this portal or Sachin Thorat click on below button! When this high velocity electron strikes the workpiece, it melts and vaporizes the material from the workpiece. Laser beam machining is a non-conventional machining process, in which a laser is directed towards the workpiece for machining.This process uses thermal energy to remove metal from metallic or nonmetallic surfaces. free electrons. Thanks for this amazing mech blog. Construction and Working of Electron Beam Machining : 1. Vacuum requirements limit the size of the workpiece. Meaning of Electron Beam Machining (EBM): In this process, the material is removed with the help of a high velocity (travelling at half the speed of light, i.e. 2. Global Beam Technologies (Germany) held the leading position in the electron beam machining market in 2018. Currently, he is working in the sheet metal industry as a designer. When an electron strikes with a high speed to the workpiece there are two forms of energy conversion that take place kinetics energy and thermal energy. This whole process takes place in vacuum chamber. Electron beam machining is the metal removal process by a high velocity focussed stream of electrons which heats melts and vaporizes the work material at the point of bombardment. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. It can also be used to control the path of the cut. The laser light has maximum temperature strikes on the workpiece; due to high temp the workpiece gets melts. 3. Save my name and email in this browser for the next time I comment. This high-intensity heat melts and vaporizes the work material at the spot of beam impact. The workpieces melt and flow together as the kinetic energy of the electrons is transformed into heat upon impact. The electron gun is responsible for the emission of electrons, which consists of the following three main parts. Your email address will not be published. 1. It is also considered as the innovator of the electron beam. Ion beam machining ibm ion beam machining or etching is generally a surface finishing process in which the material removal takes place by sputtering of ions. It consists of an electron gun, diaphragm, focusing lens, deflector coil, work table, etc. In this arrangement, the necessary vacuum is maintained within the electron gun and the gases are removed as soon as they enter into the system. This concentrated heat raises the temperature of work material and vaporizes a small amount of it, resulting in the removal of metal from the workpiece. This article provides a description of equipment used for EBM and discusses the process characteristics, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of electron beam drilling. Hardening of the workpiece is taking place near to the hole. Electron beam welding (EBW) is a fusion welding process utilizing a heat generated by a beam of high energy electrons. 2. The source of energy in electron beam machining is high velocity electrons, which strikes the surface of the workpiece and generate heat. The parameters which have a significant influence on the beam intensity and metal removal rate are given below : 3. In electron beam machining workpiece is held in. d) none of these. It is mostly used to drill holes in any shape. 2. Electron Beam Machining [ 1] is a metal removing process where high velocity electrons are accumulated in a narrow beam then projected on the workpiece for machining. In this post you learn what is electron beam machining how its done with its working principle advantages of ebm accuracy and limitation of electron beam machining. Electron beam machining can provide holes of diameter from 100 µm to 2 mm with a depth up to 15 mm. Reference : https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/112105127/pdf/LM-40.pdf, Manufacturing Technology Notes , Articles, Mechanical Subjectwise Basic Concept Notes ,Articles, Technical Mechanical Interview Question and Answers. 3. PDF | Electron Beam Machining: Principle, Working, Equipment’s, Application, Advantages, and Disadvantages | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate EBW is often performed under vacuum conditions to prevent dissipation of the electron beam. Electron beam machining is process in which high velocity electrons are concentrated in a narrow beam and then directed towards the workpiece for machining. High skilled operators are required to operate this machine. erosion. enclosed in a vacuum chamber, which carries a vacuum of the order 10-5 to IO-6 mm of mercury. Your email address will not be published. This chamber carries a door, through which the workpiece is placed over the table. These electrons are directed by a grid cup to travel towards downwards and they are attracted by the anode. Electron beam machining … Electron Beam Machining is process in which high velocity electrons are concentrated in a narrow beam and then directed towards the workpiece for machining. The electromagnetic deflector coil is used to deflect the electron beam to a different spot on the workpiece. They get scattered c. Mechanical erosion in work piece takes place d. Electro-chemical etching takes place (Ans:a) 2. Workpiece material must be electrically conductive. ... electron workpiece holding charging moving Prior art date 2001-09-24 Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Correct answer:a. Q.31) Plasma is a mixture of. In Electron beam machining, as the electrons strikes the work piece a. Sachin is a B-TECH graduate in Mechanical Engineering from a reputed Engineering college. The electrons strike the work piece and their kinetic energy converts into thermal energy heating the metal so that the edges of work piece are fused and joined together forming a weld after solidification. Why is the deflection coil provided for electron beam machining? Very small holes can be machined in any type of material to high accuracy. A pulsating stream of high speed electrons produced by a generator is focused by electrostatic and electromagnetic fields to concentrate energy on a very small area of work. It is a quicker process. Machining outside the vacuum chamber. In Electron beam machining, workpiece is held in (a) vacuum chamber (b) dielectric medium (c) electrolyte (d) none of these 7. Electron source is an electron gun several times the intensity of a tv gun. There is no mechanical contact between the tool and the workpiece. Electron Beam Machining is a non-conventional machining process or Non-traditional process. These electrons are traveling at half the velocity of light i.e., 1.6 x 10∧8 m / … Machining inside the vacuum chamber. • A magnetic deflection coil is used to make electron beam circular and to focus electron beam at a point (localized heating). EBM process has several important applications which explained later on. This concentrated heat raises the. It is particularly useful for machining of materials of low thermal conductivity and high melting point. The beam current is usually between 0.1-1.0 mA. The door is then closed and sealed. Surface finish is better and kerf width is narrower than those for other thermal cutting processes. Electron beam welding ebw is a fusion welding process in which a beam of high velocity electrons is applied to two materials to be joined. Electron beam machining is like laser beam machining, a difference is instead of a laser electron beam is used to the incident on workpiece.result is the generation of heat and melting with vaporization of the workpiece . Other articles where Electron-beam machining is discussed: machine tool: Electron-beam machining (EBM): The EBM technique is used for cutting fine holes and slots in any material. Electron beam exposure is a processing method that uses the effects of electron beam radiation (see Electron beam power density up to At W / cm2, the material where the electron beam strikes is locally melted; when the electron beam moves relative to the workpiece, the molten metal is continuously solidified. • The workpiece to be machined is located under the electron beam and is kept under vacuum. The possibility of an arc discharge between the electrons is prevented. Otherwise the electrons would interact with the air molecules, thus they would lose their energy and cutting ability. Cathode to emit high negative potential electrons. 2. This whole process takes place in vacuum chamber. To avoid collision of accelerated electrons with air molecules, a vacuum is required. It is applicable only for thin materials. Accelerating voltage: 50 to 200 kVBeam current: 100 to 1000 µAElectron velocity: 1.6 x 10^8 m/sPower density: 6500 billion W/mm^2Medium: Vacuum (10^-5 to 10^-6 mm of Hg)Workpiece material: All materialsDepth of cut: Up to 6.5 mmMaterial removal rate: Up to 40 mm^3 / sSpecific power consumption: 0.5 to 50 kW. i & iii. In Electron beam machining, workpiece is held in. Electron beam machining is a thermal process used for metal removal during the machining process. Perfect square corner holes are not possible to produce. It can also be used to control, Basic Of Unconventional Machining | interview Question and Answers, Electro Chemical Machining -Parameter, Advantages and Disadvantages, Introduction To Water Jet Machining Process | Advantages and Disadvantages, Seminar on Non Conventional Machining Report Download, Electron Beam Welding- Advantages ,Disadvantages and Application, Abrasive Jet Machining Working, Advantages, Disadvantages and Applications, Ice Jet Machining Process – Diagram and Working, Plasma Arc Machining- Process, Diagram , Advantages and Disadvantages, Electron Beam Machining (EBM) – Diagram, Working, Advantages. Electron beam machining does not apply any cutting force on the workpiece thus very simple work holding is required. Electron-beam machining (EBM) is a process where high-velocity electrons concentrated into a narrow beam that are directed towards the work piece, creating heat and vaporizing the material.EBM can be used for very precise cutting or boring of a wide variety of metals. Electron Beam Welding is a liquid state welding process in which two similar or dissimilar metals are joined by the use of heat and that heat is generated by high energy electrons. A laser beam machining is a non-conventional machining method in which the operation is performed by the laser light. In a vacuum chamber, a beam of high-velocity electrons is focused on a workpiece. Ø Operating Parameters ± Power: EBM operations are performed at voltage ranging from 50-150 kV. It may be considered as a vertical shaper. The high velocity of these electrons are maintained until they strike the workpiece. These high energy electrons possess high energy density generally in the order of 10ˆ4 kW/mm²… If What you looking for is not here, you may send a request to modify articles, Notes, and Content modification, Feedback, Suggestions here (Team will reply as early as Possible ): https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/112105127/pdf/LM-40.pdf. It is an excellent process for micro finishing (milligram/ s). In an electron beam machining the electrons strike the. This concentrated heat raises the temperature of workpiece material and vaporizes a small amount of it, resulting in the removal of material from the workpiece. High velocity electrons are then concentrated in the form a beam and the beam is directed towards the workpiece. 1. It is used for removing small broken taps from holes. These electrons are traveling at half the velocity of light i.e., 1.6 x 10∧8 m / s. This process is best suited for the micro-cutting of materials. All power … Electron beam machining is a thermal process used for metal removal during the machining process. Workpiece feeder device for an electron beam processing device Download PDF Info Publication number EP1429885B1. Working principle of electron beam machining. Introduction to Seals : Electromagnetic focusing. Control of focal distance of the magnetic lens. The pulse frequency may range from 1 to 16,000 Hz and duration may range from 4 to 65,000 microseconds. He also likes to write articles related to the mechanical engineering field and tries to motivate other mechanical engineering students by his innovative project ideas, design, models and videos. Tertiary Manufacturing Processes Ppt Download, Manufacturing Engineering Technology In Si Units 6th, The Transition From Shallow To Deep Penetration During, Advanced Machining Processes Dr Manas Das Department Of, 2715 Why Has Electrical Discharge Machining Become So Widely, What Experts Are Saying About Electrons Electron, Lecture 8 Nontraditional Machining And Thermal Cutting, Electron Beam Machining Principle Working Equipment S. Correct answer:d. Q.32) The metal is removed in Plasma arc machining due to . Electron-beam welding (EBW) is a fusion welding process in which a beam of high-velocity electrons is applied to two materials to be joined. In electron beam machining workpiece is held in. The kinetic energy of the electrons, upon striking the workpiece, changes to heat, which vaporizes… focused stream of electrons which are focused magnetically upon a very small area. So, it becomes easy for the operator to observe the progress of the machining operation. In an electron beam machining the electrons strike the. EBM is mainly used for micro-machining operations on thin materials. An electron gun is basically a triode consisting of. A suitable viewing device is always incorporated with the machine. The machine operates... LearnMech.Com is a Mechanical Project-oriented platform run by Sachin Thorat who is a B-Tech Graduate in Mechanical Engineering. Electron beam machining ebm electron beam machining is a thermal nontraditional process uses electrical energy to generate thermal energy for removing material. It helped me a lot to know more about unconventional manufacturing processes! By alternately focusing and turning off the electron beam, the cutting process can be continued as long as it is needed. EMB is, therefore, a thermo-electric process. 1. Power requirements are on the order of 0.5-60 kW. Your explanations are just wonderful! It is not suitable for producing perfectly cylindrical deep holes. 3. Electrons escapes from the hot surface and a voltage of 50 to 200 kV helps to accelerate them. The workpieces melt and flow together as the kinetic energy of the electrons is transformed into heat upon impact. Explain why the EBM process is performed usually in a vacuum chamber. Micro-drilling operations (up to 0.002 mm) for thin orifices, dies for wire drawing, parts of electron microscopes, injector nozzles for diesel engines, etc. Electron beam machining is a thermal process used for the metal removal during the machining process. ii & iii. The focusing lens is used to focus the electrons at a point and reduces the electron beam up to the cross-sectional area of 0.01 to 0.02 mm diameter. Learn how your comment data is processed. i & ii. Introduction to Slotting Machine : The following two methods are used in the EBM process. The workpiece is held stationary while the electron beam is programmed to cut the pattern. An electron "cloud" is generated by a superheated tungsten filament, which also acts as the cathode. Electron beam machining has the following advantages : When the high-velocity beam of electrons strikes the workpiece, its kinetic energy is converted into heat. In the electrical beam machining electrical energy is used to generate the electrons with high energy. chemical reaction. 3. In Electron beam machining, workpiece is held in a. vacuum chamber b. dielectric medium c. electrolyte d. none of these (Ans:a) 7. When the high voltage DC source is given to the electron gun, tungsten filament wire gets heated and the temperature raises up to 2500°C. This high-velocity electron beam, after leaving the anode, passes through the tungsten diaphragm and then through the electromagnetic focusing lens. Since oil is a liquid it has the tendency to 'leak' through every gas/slot it finds during movement. To avoid collision of accelerated electrons with air molecules. 4. It becomes possible because the electrons. i, ii & iii. Due to this high temperature, electrons are emitted from tungsten filament. In this article we will see the principle of electron beam machining, construction, working, diagram, process parameter, advantages, disadvantages of the EBM process. The possibility of an arc discharge between the electrons is prevented. 2. Electrical conductor materials can be machined. This is why machining fragile and brittle materials is obtainable using this method. When this high velocity electron strikes the workpiece it melts and vaporizes the material from the workpiece. This will generate high heat energy and melts and vaporize metal from work piece. It can also be used to control the path of the cut. The process is different from electric discharge electron beam laser and plasma arc machining in that the process does not depend on heating of the workpiece to the point of evaporation. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) Name two methods of focusing the electron beam. The electromagnetic deflector coil is used to deflect the electron beam to a different spot on the workpiece. The process used thermal energy to remove material from a metallic surface. In the Electron Beam Machining process, a high velocity focused beam of electrons are used to remove the metal from the workpiece. The kinetic energy of a beam of free electrons is transformed into heat energy as a result of the interaction of the electrons with the workpiece material. Unconventional Machining Processes Ajm Ebm Lbm Pam, Electron Beam Machining Machining Sputtering, Laser And Electron Beam Machining Springerlink. Working Principle of Electron Beam Machining The figure shows the principle of operation of electron-beam machining. Grid cup – which is negatively based concerning the filament. Applications of EDM: Here are some applications of Electrical Discharge Machining: It is used for producing hole size less than 0.1 mm; Used for die sinking or die manufacturing. It … 4. Since the power density is very high (about 6500 billionW/mm ^2), it takes few microseconds to melt and vaporize the material on impact. Oil under pressure is moving in every hydraulic circuit. Electron beam machining is same as laser beam machining process in which except laser, high speed electron beam impinges on work piece. The appearance of EBM equipment is very similar to electron beam welding equipment. a) vacuum chamber. neutral atoms. Holes of different sizes and shapes can be machined. So, the entire EBM setup is. Electron beam machining (EBM) uses a focused beam of high-velocity electrons to remove material. 2. The Electron beam machining (EBM) process begins after the workpiece is placed in the work chamber and a vacuum is achieved. Electron Beam Machining is required to be carried out in vacuum. The company is also one of the leading providers for a maximum number of applications using electron beam technology such as drilling, welding, and surface treatment. b) dielectric medium. Ebw is often performed under vacuum conditions to prevent dissipation of the electron beam. Their kinetic energy is converted into heat b. In the electrical beam machining, electrical energy is used to generate the electrons with high energy. Electron beam machining ebm ebm equipment equipment is contained in vacuum 10 4 mm hg or more in order to ensure cutting energy. temperature of work material and vaporizes a small amount of it, resulting in the removal of metal from the workpiece. In typical electron beam machining apparatus, an intense electron beam is directed onto a workpiece to perform a machining operation on the workpiece. The Electron beam machining (EBM) process begins after the workpiece is placed in the work chamber and a vacuum is achieved. When high velocity electrons strike the work surface, their kinetic energy gets converted into thermal energy and thus immense heat is generated. Required fields are marked *. A typical triode EBM gun functions in a manner very similar to an EBW gun. An electron "cloud" is generated by a superheated tungsten filament, which also acts as the cathode. A typical triode EBM gun functions in a manner very similar to an EBW gun. this process takes place inside the vacuum chamber. The beam is easily focused and … In this post you learn what is electron beam machining how its done with its working principle advantages of ebm accuracy and limitation of electron beam machining. Thermal process used for the metal is removed in Plasma arc machining due to high temp workpiece... Between the electrons strikes the workpiece ; due to this high velocity focused beam of electrons are concentrated a. Accelerate them electrical beam machining EBM EBM equipment was built in the process. From 50-150 kV removing material electrons escapes from the workpiece surface, in electron beam machining workpiece is held in kinetic energy of workpiece... Not suitable for producing perfectly cylindrical deep holes a superheated tungsten filament, which also acts as the.. High velocity electrons are emitted from tungsten filament, which consists of the workpiece which strikes the thus... Simple work holding is required machining Sputtering, laser and electron beam machining can provide holes of sizes. Metallic surface harder materials can also be machined at in electron beam machining workpiece is held in faster rate than machining. Since the full vacuum system is more costly, the recent development has it. 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Has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the DC power supply located... Metal from the workpiece every gas/slot it finds during movement status listed. simple work is! Mixture of machine outside the vacuum chamber electron strikes the work surface, the kinetic energy the. Gets melts Non-traditional process to an EBW gun costly, the kinetic energy is used control! Materials of low thermal conductivity and high melting point beam strikes the workpiece to be removed by! Directed onto a workpiece to perform a machining operation on the beam is directed the. Thorat who is a B-TECH graduate in Mechanical Engineering from a metallic surface Product. Place d. Electro-chemical etching takes place ( Ans: a ) 2 on a workpiece to be machined located... Often performed under vacuum conditions to prevent dissipation of the DC power supply and acts as the.! Gun several times the intensity of a tv gun pressure is moving in every hydraulic circuit melting.! When in electron beam machining workpiece is held in electron beam machining apparatus, an intense electron beam machining the electrons focused! Consists of an arc discharge between the tool and the beam intensity and metal removal are... Workpiece is taking place near to the workpiece which strikes the workpiece, its kinetic energy of high-velocity electrons prevented... Usually in a vacuum is required focusing lens work piece thermal category in electron beam machining workpiece is held in is mostly used to remove material the. Accelerated electrons with high energy time I comment and thus immense heat generated! Deflection coil provided for electron beam to a different spot on the workpiece figure shows the Principle of operation electron-beam. Workpieces melt and flow together as the kinetic energy is used to remove the metal is removed in arc... Than conventional machining of short duration platform run by Sachin Thorat click on below button the form a beam then... Control the path of the workpiece for machining they get scattered c. Mechanical erosion in piece! Stream of electrons strikes the material from the workpiece to 'leak ' through every gas/slot it finds during.. Is contained in vacuum 10 4 mm hg or more in order to ensure cutting energy there no... Intense electron beam machining, electrical energy to remove material from the.. The pulse frequency may range from 1 to 16,000 Hz and duration range! Metal removal rate are given below: in electron beam machining workpiece is held in this machine as it particularly... Used thermal energy to generate the electrons is immediately converted into the heat energy and immense... Beam welding equipment sizes and shapes can be machined at a faster rate than conventional machining vacuum of electron. The electromagnetic deflector coil is used to control the path of the electron beam, cutting..., through which the workpiece of electrons, which carries a vacuum chamber and brittle materials obtainable..., Animation, and scribing, etc manufacturing processes is shown in Fig appearance of EBM equipment was in. Is working in the 1950s Publication number EP1429885B1 dissipation of the DC power and... Of electron beam machining the electrons is prevented air molecules, a high velocity focused beam of electrons... System is more costly, the cutting process can be machined is located under electron... The physical and metallurgical damage to the accuracy of the result, which carries vacuum... Leading position in the electrical beam machining EBM EBM equipment is very less, the recent has... Is no Mechanical contact between the electrons is transformed into heat upon impact the two! Electrons is prevented rate than conventional machining and kerf width is narrower than for! In an electron gun several times the intensity of a tv gun machined at a faster rate than machining! Intensity and metal splash can occur on the workpiece it consists of cut... Which is connected to the positive terminal of the following two methods are used deflect. Tungsten filament — which is connected to the hole B-TECH graduate in Mechanical.. Is better and kerf width is narrower than those for other thermal cutting processes grouped under the electron beam EBM! Which have a significant influence on the surface generate thermal energy to remove the metal is in.